Résumé
Indicators are widely promoted as means to monitor ecosystem status or to evaluate fisheries management performance. "Which indicators are most relevant as decision-support tools in fisheries management?" still remains a topical question. Indicators should be metrics related to fish populations and fleets and should be sensitive to management strategies. However, given the complexity of the processes involved, it is often difficult to unequivocally interpret variations in metrics. A simulation approach was used to study metric properties and to identify robust and relevant fishery indicators. By applying sensitivity analysis methods, simulation designs were built that cross a variety of management scenarios and uncertainty hypotheses. Bio-economic outputs were simulated using a mechanistic model (ISIS-Fish), and their properties were statistically analyzed. This approach was applied to the pelagic fishery of the Bay of Biscay. The analysis of metric properties highlighted the major factors driving variations in each metric and identified the important sources of uncertainty that need to be reduced to allow the use of metrics as indicators. Although very few metrics gave robust indications of management performance, sensitivity indices evidenced how management performances could be improved, and spatially disaggregated metrics provided insights into the mechanisms underlying management performance.