Abstract
Dendrobium Sw. sect. Rhizobium Lindl. is revised and illustrated for New Caledonia. This section consists of three species for the territory: Dendrobium bowmanii Benth, D. casuarinae Schltr. and D. vagans Schltr. The latter species, reported in 1981 in the Province Sud, has been rediscovered. It is also mentioned for the first time in the Province des Îles Loyauté. Lectotypes of D. bowmanii, D. seemannii L.O. Williams (syn. of D. vagans) and D. casuarinae are designated. The IUCN status of thethree species is proposed. Identification keys in French and English are given.