Résumé
We study the heterogeneous dynamics of attractive colloidal particles close to the gel transition using confocal microscopy experiments combined with a theoretical statistical analysis. We focus on single particle dynamics and show that the self-part of the van Hove distribution function is not the Gaussian expected for a Fickian process, but that it reflects instead the existence, at any given time, of colloids with widely different mobilities. Our confocal microscopy measurements can be described well by a simple analytical model based on a conventional continuous time random walk picture, as already found for several other glassy materials. In particular, the theory successfully accounts for the presence of broad tails in the van Hove distributions that exhibit exponential, rather than Gaussian, decay at large distance.