Résumé
Timor Leste's traditional agroforests have a significant cultural and ecological value, though assessing them is challenging and data are limited. This paper presents a multidisciplinary experiment to understand the complexity inherent in Timor Leste's agroforestry systems (AFS). Inter- connected factors, such as historical dynamics, local perceptions of the land, and economic values, are all considered. Participatory mapping and GIS tools determined the spatial distribution and properties of the various agroforests. A scoring exercise, the Pebble Distribution Method, gathered data about the uses of the AFS. Key informant interviews and household surveys were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data about the village's background and economy. A simulation model combining economic results with qualitative and quantitative data illustrated the evolution of the AFS based on the landscape configuration and demography. This multi-disciplinary study provided a holistic understanding of the evolution of the AFS and highlights the importance of local knowledge for sustainable land management in the region.