A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL

Giovanna Tinetti; Pierre Drossart; Paul Eccleston; Paul Hartogh; Astrid Heske; J. Leconte; Giusi Micela; Marc Ollivier; Göran Pilbratt; Ludovic Puig; Diego Turrini; Bart Vandenbussche; Paulina Wolkenberg; Jean-Philippe Beaulieu; Lars A. Buchave; Martin Ferus; Matt Griffin; Manuel Guedel; Kay Justtanont; Pierre-Olivier Lagage; Pedro F Machado; Giuseppe Malaguti; Michiel Min; Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen; Mirek Rataj; Tom Ray; Ignasi Ribas; Mark Swain; Robert M. Szabo; Stephanie Werner; Joanna Barstow; Matt Burleigh; James Cho; Vincent Coudé Du Foresto; Athena Coustenis; Leen Decin; Thérèse Encrenaz; Marina Galand; Michael Gillon; Ravit Helled; Juan Carlos Morales; Antonio García Muñoz; Andrea Moneti; Isabella Pagano; Enzo Pascale; Giuseppe Piccioni; David Pinfield; Subhajit Sarkar; Franck Selsis; Jonathan Tennyson; Amaury Triaud; Olivia Venot; Ingo Waldmann; David Waltham; Gillian Wright; Jerome Amiaux; Jean-Louis Auguères; Michel Berthé; Naidu Bezawada; Georgia Bishop; Neil Bowles; Deirdre Coffey; Josep Colomé; Martin Crook; Pierre-Elie Crouzet; Vania da Peppo; Isabel Escudero Sanz; Mauro Focardi; Martin Frericks; Tom Hunt; Ralf Kohley; Kevin Middleton; Gianluca Morgante; Roland Ottensamer; Emanuele Pace; Chris Pearson; Richard Stamper; Kate Symonds; Miriam Rengel; Etienne Renotte; Peter Ade; Laura Affer; Christophe Alard; Nicole F. Allard; Francesca Altieri; Yves André; Claudio Arena; Ioannis Argyriou; Alan Aylward; Cristian Baccani; Gaspar Bakos; Marek Banaszkiewicz; Mike Barlow; Virginie Batista; Giancarlo Bellucci; Serena Benatti; Pernelle Bernardi; Bruno Bézard; Maria Blecka; Emeline Bolmont; Bertrand Bonfond; Rosaria Bonito; Aldo S. Bonomo; John Robert Brucato; Allan Sacha Brun; Ian Bryson; Waldemar Bujwan; Sarah Casewell; Benjamin Charnay; Cesare Cecchi Pestellini; Guo Chen; Angela Ciaravella; Riccardo Claudi; Rodolphe Clédassou; Mario Damasso; Mario Damiano; Camilla Danielski; Pieter Deroo; Anna Maria Di Giorgio; Carsten Dominik; Vanessa Doublier; Simon Doyle; Rene Doyon; Benjamin Drummond; Bastien Duong; Stephen Eales; Billy Edwards; Maria Farina; Ettore Flaccomio; Leigh Fletcher; François Forget; Steve Fossey; Markus Fränz; Yuka Fujii; Álvaro García-Piquer; Walter Gear; Hervé Geoffray; Jean Claude Gérard; Lluis Gesa; H. Gomez; Rafał Graczyk; Caitlin Griffith; Denis Grodent; Mario Giuseppe Guarcello; Jacques Gustin; Keiko Hamano; Peter Hargrave; Yann Hello; Kevin Heng; Enrique Herrero; Allan Hornstrup; Benoît Hubert; Shigeru Ida; Masahiro Ikoma; Nicolas Iro; Patrick Irwin; Christopher Jarchow; Jean Jaubert; Hugh Jones; Queyrel Julien; Shingo Kameda; Franz Kerschbaum; Pierre Kervella; Tommi Koskinen; Matthijs Krijger; Norbert Krupp; Marina Lafarga; Federico Landini; Emmanuel Lellouch; Giuseppe Leto; A. Luntzer; Theresa Rank-Lüftinger; Antonio Maggio; Jesus Maldonado; Jean-Pierre Maillard; Urs Mall; J.-B. Marquette; Stéphane Mathis; Pierre Maxted; Taro Matsuo; Alexander Medvedev; Yamila Miguel; Vincent Minier; Giuseppe Morello; Alessandro Mura; Norio Narita; Valerio Nascimbeni; N. Nguyen Tong; Vladimiro Noce; Fabrizio Oliva; Enric Palle; Paul Palmer; Maurizio Pancrazzi; Andreas Papageorgiou; Vivien Parmentier; Manuel Perger; Antonino Petralia; Stefano Pezzuto; Ray Pierrehumbert; Ignazio Pillitteri; Giampaolo Piotto; Giampaolo Pisano; Loredana Prisinzano; Aikaterini Radioti; Jean-Michel Reess; Ladislav Rezac; Marco Rocchetto; Albert Rosich; Nicoletta Sanna; Alexandre Santerne; Giorgio Savini; Gaetano Scandariato; Bruno Sicardy; Carles Sierra; Giuseppe Sindoni; Konrad Skup; Ignas Snellen; Mateusz Sobiecki; Lauriane Soret; Alessandro Sozzetti; Arnaud Stiepen; Antoine Strugarek; Jake Taylor; William Taylor; Luca Terenzi; Marcell Tessenyi; Angelos Tsiaras; C. Tucker; Diana Valencia; Gautam Vasisht; Allona Vazan; Francesc Vilardell; Sandrine Vinatier; Serena Viti; Rens Waters; Piotr Wawer; Anna Wawrzaszek; Anthony Whitworth; Yuk L. Yung; Sergey N. Yurchenko; María Rosa Zapatero Osorio; Robert Zellem; Tiziano Zingales; Frans Zwart; Paul Wolkenberg; Jean Beaulieu; A. Buchave; Pierre Lagage; Ray Ray; Ignas Ribas; Vincent Du Foresto; Antonio Muñoz; Jean Auguères; Pierre Crouzet; Emanuel Pace; Francesc Altieri; Claudio Claudi; Bruno Brun; Aldo Bonomo; Robert Brucato; Allan Brun; Anna Di Giorgio; Yuk Fujii; Jean Gérard; Giuseppe Guarcello; Pierre Maillard; Yuk Yung; Sergey Yurchenko

doi:10.1007/s10686-018-9598-x

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A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL

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A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL

Giovanna Tinetti, Pierre Drossart, Paul Eccleston, Paul Hartogh, Astrid Heske, J. Leconte, Giusi Micela, Marc Ollivier, Göran Pilbratt, Ludovic Puig, …

Experimental Astronomy, Vol.46(1), pp.135-209

09/2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-018-9598-x

Abstract

Space missions

Exoplanets

Molecular signatures

IR spectroscopy

Thousands of exoplanets have now been discovered with a huge range of masses, sizes and orbits: from rocky Earth-like planets to large gas giants grazing the surface of their host star. However, the essential nature of these exoplanets remains largely mysterious: there is no known, discernible pattern linking the presence, size, or orbital parameters of a planet to the nature of its parent star. We have little idea whether the chemistry of a planet is linked to its formation environment, or whether the type of host star drives the physics and chemistry of the planet's birth, and evolution. ARIEL was conceived to observe a large number ( 1000) of transiting planets for statistical understanding, including gas giants, Neptunes, super-Earths and Earth-size planets around a range of host star types using transit spectroscopy in the 1.25-7.8 μm spectral range and multiple narrow-band photometry in the optical. ARIEL will focus on warm and hot planets to take advantage of their well-mixed atmospheres which should show minimal condensation and sequestration of high-Z materials compared to their colder Solar System siblings. Said warm and hot atmospheres are expected to be more representative of the planetary bulk composition. Observations of these warm/hot exoplanets, and in particular of their elemental composition (especially C, O, N, S, Si), will allow the understanding of the early stages of planetary and atmospheric formation during the nebular phase and the following few million years. ARIEL will thus provide a representative picture of the chemical nature of the exoplanets and relate this directly to the type and chemical environment of the host star. ARIEL is designed as a dedicated survey mission for combined-light spectroscopy, capable of observing a large and well-defined planet sample within its 4-year mission lifetime. Transit, eclipse and phase-curve spectroscopy methods, whereby the signal from the star and planet are differentiated using knowledge of the planetary ephemerides, allow us to measure atmospheric signals from the planet at levels of 10-100 part per million (ppm) relative to the star and, given the bright nature of targets, also allows more sophisticated techniques, such as eclipse mapping, to give a deeper insight into the nature of the atmosphere. These types of observations require a stable payload and satellite platform with broad, instantaneous wavelength coverage to detect many molecular species, probe the thermal structure, identify clouds and monitor the stellar activity. The wavelength range proposed covers all the expected major atmospheric gases from e.g. H2O, CO2, CH4 NH3, HCN, H2S through to the more exotic metallic compounds, such as TiO, VO, and condensed species. Simulations of ARIEL performance in conducting exoplanet surveys have been performed - using conservative estimates of mission performance and a full model of all significant noise sources in the measurement - using a list of potential ARIEL targets that incorporates the latest available exoplanet statistics. The conclusion at the end of the Phase A study, is that ARIEL - in line with the stated mission objectives - will be able to observe about 1000 exoplanets depending on the details of the adopted survey strategy, thus confirming the feasibility of the main science objectives.

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Title: A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL
Creators - without role: Giovanna Tinetti - University College London
Pierre Drossart - Laboratoire d’études spatiales et d’instrumentation en astrophysique
Paul Eccleston - Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Paul Hartogh - Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
Astrid Heske - European Space Research and Technology Centre
J. Leconte - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
Giusi Micela - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Marc Ollivier - Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale
Göran Pilbratt - European Space Research and Technology Centre
Ludovic Puig - European Space Research and Technology Centre
Diego Turrini - National Institute for Astrophysics
Bart Vandenbussche - KU Leuven
Paulina Wolkenberg - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Jean-Philippe Beaulieu - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
Lars A. Buchave - University of Vienna
Martin Ferus - Czech Academy of Sciences, J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry
Matt Griffin - Cardiff University
Manuel Guedel - Chalmers University of Technology
Kay Justtanont - University of Vienna
Pierre-Olivier Lagage - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Pedro F Machado - Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences
Giuseppe Malaguti - National Institute for Astrophysics
Michiel Min - SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen - DTU Space
Mirek Rataj - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Tom Ray - Dublin Institute For Advanced Studies
Ignasi Ribas - Institute of Space Sciences
Mark Swain - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Robert M. Szabo - Konkoly Observatory
Stephanie Werner - University of Oslo
Joanna Barstow - University College London
Matt Burleigh - University of Leicester
James Cho - Queen Mary University of London
Vincent Coudé Du Foresto - Université Paris Cité
Athena Coustenis - Laboratoire d’études spatiales et d’instrumentation en astrophysique
Leen Decin - KU Leuven
Thérèse Encrenaz - Laboratoire d’études spatiales et d’instrumentation en astrophysique
Marina Galand - Imperial College London
Michael Gillon - University of Liège
Ravit Helled - University of Zurich
Juan Carlos Morales - Institute of Space Sciences
Antonio García Muñoz - Technische Universität Berlin
Andrea Moneti - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
Isabella Pagano - National Institute for Astrophysics
Enzo Pascale - Sapienza University of Rome
Giuseppe Piccioni - National Institute for Astrophysics
David Pinfield - University of Hertfordshire
Subhajit Sarkar - Cardiff University
Franck Selsis - Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux
Jonathan Tennyson - University College London
Amaury Triaud - School of Physics and Astronomy [Birmingham]
Olivia Venot - Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques
Ingo Waldmann - University College London
David Waltham - Royal Holloway University of London
Gillian Wright
Jerome Amiaux - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Jean-Louis Auguères - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Michel Berthé - Queen Mary University of London
Naidu Bezawada - University of Oxford
Georgia Bishop - Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Neil Bowles - University of Oxford
Deirdre Coffey - SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Josep Colomé - Institute of Space Sciences
Martin Crook - Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Pierre-Elie Crouzet - European Space Research and Technology Centre
Vania da Peppo - Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie
Isabel Escudero Sanz - European Space Research and Technology Centre
Mauro Focardi - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Martin Frericks - SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Tom Hunt - University College London
Ralf Kohley - European Space Operations Centre
Kevin Middleton - Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Gianluca Morgante - National Institute for Astrophysics
Roland Ottensamer - Chalmers University of Technology
Emanuele Pace - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Chris Pearson - Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Richard Stamper - Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Kate Symonds - European Space Astronomy Centre
Miriam Rengel - Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
Etienne Renotte
Peter Ade
Laura Affer - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Christophe Alard - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
Nicole F. Allard - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation
Francesca Altieri - National Institute for Astrophysics
Yves André - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
Claudio Arena - University College London
Ioannis Argyriou - KU Leuven
Alan Aylward - University College London
Cristian Baccani - University of Florence
Gaspar Bakos - Princeton University
Marek Banaszkiewicz - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Mike Barlow - University College London
Virginie Batista - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
Giancarlo Bellucci - National Institute for Astrophysics
Serena Benatti - National Institute for Astrophysics
Pernelle Bernardi - Observatoire de Paris
Bruno Bézard - Laboratoire d’études spatiales et d’instrumentation en astrophysique
Maria Blecka
Emeline Bolmont - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Bertrand Bonfond - Queen Mary University of London
Rosaria Bonito - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Aldo S. Bonomo - National Institute for Astrophysics
John Robert Brucato - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Allan Sacha Brun - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Ian Bryson
Waldemar Bujwan - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Sarah Casewell - University of Leicester
Benjamin Charnay - Sorbonne Université
Cesare Cecchi Pestellini
Guo Chen - Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Angela Ciaravella - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Riccardo Claudi - National Institute for Astrophysics
Rodolphe Clédassou - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
Mario Damasso - National Institute for Astrophysics
Mario Damiano - University College London
Camilla Danielski - Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique et Instrumentation
Pieter Deroo - KU Leuven
Anna Maria Di Giorgio - National Institute for Astrophysics
Carsten Dominik - University of Amsterdam
Vanessa Doublier - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
Simon Doyle - Cardiff University
Rene Doyon - Université de Montréal
Benjamin Drummond - University of Exeter
Bastien Duong - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
Stephen Eales - Cardiff University
Billy Edwards - University College London
Maria Farina - National Institute for Astrophysics
Ettore Flaccomio - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Leigh Fletcher - University of Leicester
François Forget - Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique
Steve Fossey - University College London
Markus Fränz - Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
Yuka Fujii
Álvaro García-Piquer - Institute of Space Sciences
Walter Gear - Cardiff University
Hervé Geoffray - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
Jean Claude Gérard
Lluis Gesa - Institute of Space Sciences
H. Gomez - Cardiff University
Rafał Graczyk - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Caitlin Griffith - University of Arizona
Denis Grodent - University of Liège
Mario Giuseppe Guarcello - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Jacques Gustin - University of Liège
Keiko Hamano - Earth-Life Science Institute
Peter Hargrave - Cardiff University
Yann Hello - Sorbonne Université
Kevin Heng - University of Bern
Enrique Herrero - Institute of Space Sciences
Allan Hornstrup - DTU Space
Benoît Hubert - University of Liège
Shigeru Ida - Tokyo Institute of Technology [Tokyo]
Masahiro Ikoma - Tokyo Institute of Technology
Nicolas Iro - Universität Hamburg
Patrick Irwin
Christopher Jarchow - Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
Jean Jaubert - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
Hugh Jones - University of Hertfordshire
Queyrel Julien - Centre National d'Études Spatiales
Shingo Kameda - Rikkyo University
Franz Kerschbaum - Chalmers University of Technology
Pierre Kervella - Université Paris Cité
Tommi Koskinen - University of Arizona
Matthijs Krijger - SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Norbert Krupp - Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
Marina Lafarga - Institute of Space Sciences
Federico Landini - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Emmanuel Lellouch - Université Paris Cité
Giuseppe Leto - National Institute for Astrophysics
A. Luntzer - Chalmers University of Technology
Theresa Rank-Lüftinger - Chalmers University of Technology
Antonio Maggio - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Jesus Maldonado - National Institute for Astrophysics
Jean-Pierre Maillard - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
Urs Mall - Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
J.-B. Marquette - Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris
Stéphane Mathis - University of Zurich
Pierre Maxted - Keele University
Taro Matsuo
Alexander Medvedev - Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
Yamila Miguel - Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur
Vincent Minier - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Giuseppe Morello - University College London
Alessandro Mura - National Institute for Astrophysics
Norio Narita - The University of Tokyo
Valerio Nascimbeni - University of Padua
N. Nguyen Tong - Laboratoire d’études spatiales et d’instrumentation en astrophysique
Vladimiro Noce - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Fabrizio Oliva - National Institute for Astrophysics
Enric Palle
Paul Palmer - Royal Observatory
Maurizio Pancrazzi - University of Florence
Andreas Papageorgiou
Vivien Parmentier - Joseph Louis LAGRANGE
Manuel Perger - Institute of Space Sciences
Antonino Petralia - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Stefano Pezzuto - National Institute for Astrophysics
Ray Pierrehumbert
Ignazio Pillitteri - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Giampaolo Piotto - University of Padua
Giampaolo Pisano - Cardiff University
Loredana Prisinzano - Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo
Aikaterini Radioti - University of Liège
Jean-Michel Reess - Laboratoire d’études spatiales et d’instrumentation en astrophysique
Ladislav Rezac - Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research
Marco Rocchetto - University College London
Albert Rosich - Institute of Space Sciences
Nicoletta Sanna - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Alexandre Santerne - Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille
Giorgio Savini - University College London
Gaetano Scandariato - National Institute for Astrophysics
Bruno Sicardy - Université Paris Cité
Carles Sierra - Institute of Space Sciences
Giuseppe Sindoni - National Institute for Astrophysics
Konrad Skup - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Ignas Snellen
Mateusz Sobiecki - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Lauriane Soret - University of Liège
Alessandro Sozzetti - National Institute for Astrophysics
Arnaud Stiepen - University of Liège
Antoine Strugarek - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Jake Taylor - University of Oxford
William Taylor
Luca Terenzi - National Institute for Astrophysics
Marcell Tessenyi - University College London
Angelos Tsiaras - University College London
C. Tucker - Cardiff University
Diana Valencia - University of Toronto
Gautam Vasisht - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Allona Vazan - University of Amsterdam
Francesc Vilardell - Institute of Space Sciences
Sandrine Vinatier - Université Paris Cité
Serena Viti - University College London
Rens Waters - SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Piotr Wawer - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Anna Wawrzaszek - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Anthony Whitworth - Cardiff University
Yuk L. Yung - California Institute of Technology
Sergey N. Yurchenko - University College London
María Rosa Zapatero Osorio - Centro de Astrobiología
Robert Zellem - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Tiziano Zingales - University College London
Frans Zwart - SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research
Paul Wolkenberg - Centrum Badań Kosmicznych
Jean Beaulieu - Natural Resources Canada
A. Buchave
Pierre Lagage - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Ray Ray
Ignas Ribas - Institute of Space Sciences
Vincent Du Foresto - Université Paris Cité
Antonio Muñoz - Computer Science Department of University of Malaga
Jean Auguères - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Pierre Crouzet - European Space Research and Technology Centre
Emanuel Pace - Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory
Francesc Altieri - National Institute for Astrophysics
Claudio Claudi
Bruno Brun
Aldo Bonomo - National Institute for Astrophysics
Robert Brucato
Allan Brun - Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
Anna Di Giorgio - National Institute for Astrophysics
Yuk Fujii
Jean Gérard - Biomasse, bois, énergie, bio-produits
Giuseppe Guarcello
Pierre Maillard
Yuk Yung - California Institute of Technology
Sergey Yurchenko - University College London
Publication Details: Experimental Astronomy, Vol.46(1), pp.135-209
Identifiers: 9937495209311
Academic Unit: Université de Montpellier
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article
Local Fields: hal-01877019