Résumé
An energy imbalance, often involved in Type 2 diabetes (T2D), leads to adipose tissue dysfunction which will worsen the disease and lead to complication. Thus, the need to find new therapies targeting adipose tissue is necessary. We have already demonstrated the beneficial impact of Myokine X on pancreatic islets survival and functionality. This study aims to investigate the impact of Myokine X, which is secreted after a resistance effort, on adipose tissue of a rodent model of T2D. Zucker Diabetic Sprague-Dawley (ZDSD) rat, naturally developing type 2 diabetes, received a daily peritoneal injection of either a saline solution (control group) or a Myokine X solution at 1 µg/mL for 20 weeks. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the 20 weeks and adipose tissue was analysed by western blotting or by qPCR for gene expression. Figures and statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism software. The significance of the data was assessed using Student's t test to compare two conditions. When several factors were present, two-way ANOVAs were performed. Myokine X treatment revealed (i) an impact on insulin pathway with an increase of 16.5% of Akt p-ser473 phosphorylation capacity, with simultaneously a significant increase of 78% for GLUT4 mRNA expression, (ii) a significant decrease of HSL phosphorylation on ser660 (-24%), (iii) an increase of adipokines mRNA expression with beneficial impact on insulin pathway. This study shows that Myokine X treatment had a positive impact on adipose tissue in a rodent model of T2D, in terms of insulin sensitivity improvement, HSL activation decrease and improvement of adipose tissue secretion, adipokines. Thus, Myokine X could represent a therapeutic approach for T2D treatment.