Résumé
Obesity has become one of the world's major public health concerns in recent years. As obesity figures continue to rise, new management strategies have emerged. Our digestive tract hosts up to 10 to13 bacteria, viruses, parasites and non-pathogenic fungi, which make up our intestinal microbiota. Microbiota is known to have numerous metabolic roles and it plays a major role in our immune system. In recent years, its link with inflammatory diseases and obesity in particular has come highlighted. The microbiota appears to play a key role in energy harvesting and thus in weight gain, and its modulation could therefore present a potential strategy in the treatment and prevention of obesity. Diets, probiotic foods, pro and prebiotics and, finally, faecal microbiota transplantation appear to be promising strategies in the management of obesity.