Résumé
Cultivating plants for food purposes in the International Space Station (ISS) presents multiple advantages and significant benefits. Systems as Veggie and the Advanced Plant Habitat have been developed to enable the production of plants for consumption by the ISS crew. Various plants (lettuce, cabbage…) have been successfully grown, providing a source of fresh food for astronauts. One of the main advantages is overcoming the limited shelf life of food sent from Earth by having a sustainable source of healthy food on board. This reduces dependence on Earth-based supplies and preserves the quality of nutrients. Additionally, cultivating plants in the ISS has psychological benefits by creating a more pleasant environment and offering a connection with nature that can be comforting in the confined space. However, challenges must be addressed, such as managing pathogen risks and ensuring food safety. Space limitations and limited production capacity also prevent complete food self-sufficiency. Despite these limitations, plant cultivation in the ISS represents a major step towards food self-sufficiency in space, providing nutritional benefits and contributing to the Well-Being of astronauts, while also paving the way for longer and more distant space missions.