Résumé
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms populating various, sometimes extreme, ecological environments. They constitute the first link in the food chain in an aquatic environment. Mainly known for their use for the production of biodiesel, they also have uses in ecology and are full of molecules that can be used in human and animal food as well as in the field of health. Two types of molecules will be addressed in this work: antioxidants and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, the cosmetic and nutraceutical uses of microalgae will be discussed.