Résumé
The technical and legal challenges of blockchain in healthcare are a critical area of study amidst increasing digitalization and sensitive data collection. Blockchain emerges as a potential solution to data protection issues through its ability to securely and transparently record data in an immutable manner. An examination of European and French legislation highlights the importance of GDPR compliance in health data processing. Moreover, exploring the technological foundations of blockchain, such as cryptography and block structure, offers prospects for enhancing traceability, managing medical records, and supporting clinical research. However, despite its promises, blockchain encounters technical, ecological, and legal hurdles that require innovative solutions. Developing an appropriate regulatory framework and technological advancements is crucial to fully leverage blockchain's potential for the healthcare sector.