Résumé
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with or without hyperactivity (ADHD) is a disorder modulated by genetic factors (heredity, chromosomal damage or epigenetism) and environmental factors (maternal nutrition or pathology, exposure to drugs or feto-toxic compounds), as well as cultural and socio-economic factors (such as the family's educational environment and socio-economic status). In France, treatment begins with a diagnosis and physical and psychological analysis of the patient, followed by the prescription of a drug. Methylphenidate is the only active molecule prescribed with a marketing authorization (MA) for this indication, although several other drug options are available in other countries. Pharmacists play a key role in the care of ADHD patients, particularly in the dispensing of methylphenidate. However, some patients and their families are turning to “natural” alternatives to treat the condition. In this context, the pharmacist's mission is to inform, clarify and share his expertise with families who are often concerned. Non-drug treatment is essential. By advising on phytotherapy, nutrition and complementary therapies adapted to the development of ADHD children, pharmacists can make a significant contribution to supporting patients and their families.