Résumé
To assess incidence and risk factors of cystoid macular edema (CME) after Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSAEK). Methods: this retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent DSAEK between May 2017 and February 2022 at Montpellier University Hospital, with a minimum of 3 months of follow-up. CME was diagnosed using macular optical coherence tomography (OCT), with presence of intraretinal edema or serous retinal detachment associated with an increase of the Central Macular Thickness (CMT). Patients with preoperative CME, history of eye surgery within 6 months, or no OCT within 3 months postoperatively, were excluded. The incidence of CME was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method. A multivariate Cox proportional-hazards model was used to analyse the main risk factors for CME found by our univariate analysis: diabetes, rebubbling, and DSAEK combined with cataract surgery. Results: among the 84 consecutive patients included (54% female, mean age [SD] 73[8]), 105 eyes underwent DSAEK. The mean [SD] follow-up time was 8.7 months [4.1]. 15.2% (n=16) of all eyes developed CME at the end of the follow-up. The CME appeared between the 1st and 4th postoperative month. No statistically significant risk factors were found. Conclusion: the incidence of anatomic CME after DSAEK is higher than after cataract surgeries. No statistically significant risk factors were found. Additional prospective studies are needed to investigate risk factors specific to DSAEK, and to optimize postoperative preventive treatment.