Résumé
Diabetes constitutes a global public health issue. It is a chronic disease whose prevalence and incidence continue to increase worldwide. In Guadeloupe, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is higher than in the world. Hygiene and diet rules are measures that can help prevent or control this pathology. The objective of our study is to explore the state of knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients in Guadeloupe regarding the hygienic and dietary measures to be implemented for the control of diabetes.Method: this qualitative study was carried out in Guadeloupe through semi-structured interviews. The analysis was conducted with a phenomenological method using an interview guide using phenomenological questioning in order to explore patients' knowledge and ideas about healthy and dietary rules in their type 2 diabetes. Results: sixteen patients were interviewed, aged 42 to 91, between February and March 2024. The patients presented general knowledge about the subject but relatively insufficient. Most of them did not know the expression itself. But after explaining it, some were able to cite what they knew about hygienic and dietary rules, particularly regarding food. Their notions remained succinct. Discussion: this work highlighted the insufficient knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients regarding health and diet rules. It made it possible to explore avenues to improve patient knowledge. Notably the fact that patients hear very little about health and diet rules in the media and networks, but rather from a few healthcare professionals and not on a regular basis. Also the fact that personalized support or more frequent advice from medical staff could help them to better understand the health and diet rules and to respect them.