Abstract
With the development of technological processes, interest in mobile robotics is constantly increasing in recent years, particularly to replace human in environments of risk (radioactive areas, military robots) or areas that are inaccessible (planetary or underwater exploration), or at different scales (robot within a pipeline or surgical robot inside the human body). In the same context, navigation systems are designed specifically for underwater exploration which is attracting more and more interest of several geologists, robotics and scientists in order to better understand and characterize submarine environment. For optimal security, new technologies (radar, sonar, camera system, ..) have been developed to replace human.In this context, the work of this thesis is focusing with the aim of implementing a stereoscopic vision system to acquire useful information and the development of an algorithm for the restoration of the 3D structure of a confined aquatic environment. Our system consists of a pair of catadioptric sensors and a laser pointer belt permitting to identify visual landmarks of the scene and a platform for the implementation of the acquired image processing. The processing chain is preceded by an offline calibration phase to generate the geometric modeling of the complete system. The processing algorithm consists of pixel-wise analysis of the stereoscopic images for the extraction of 2D laser projections and rebuilds their 3D corresponding based on the calibration parameters.The implementation of the complete system on a software platform requests an execution time higher than that required by the application. The work closing the memory is addressed to this problem and proposes a solution to simplify the development and implementation of real-time applications on platforms based on a FPGA device. The implementation of our application was performed and a study of performance is presented, considering the requirements of the application in terms of precision, speed and efficiency rate.