Résumé
In the first part, a small angle neutron scattering study of the structure of nanosilica-latex nanocomposites and colloids (micelle-decorated silica beads, complex colloids) is presented. The second part is dedicated to the mechanical properties of these nanocomposites. A numerical simulation of highly entangled polymer networks is also discussed. In the last chapter, a prototype of a very small angle neutron scattering spectrometer, build at Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, is described.