Abstract
Despite its impressive success, the standard model of particle physics does not account for every experimental observations.In addition, it has some theoretical puzzles in its formulation that seem to require more fundamental explanations.Then, instead of an ultra-violet complete theory, the standard model should rather be viewed as an effective description of a more fundamental theory and new physics should be introduced.We follow two different approaches of new physics.In the first one, we extend the standard model by only few new states assuming that the heavier states are decoupled from the electro-weak scale.This approach is mostly phenomenological as by hypothesis the extensions that we consider are a low energy manifestation of a more complete theory.We particularly focus on new fermions as they are a common prediction of a lot of well-motivated beyond the standard model theories.The main purpose is to study the effect of these new fermions in light of the recent Higgs couplings measurements.%The second approach has a more theoretical origin and is based on an ultra-violet complete theory.We focus on composite Higgs models that aim to solve one theoretical puzzle of the standard model, that is, the hierarchy problem of the electro-weak scale.The composite Higgs paradigm being realised by a new strongly interacting sector made of new fundamental fermions, we study the non-perturbative dynamics using the Nambu and Jona-Lasinio model.We derive for instance the spectrum of the lightest resonances which could be observed in a near future at the LHC or at some other colliders.