Abstract
Every day, players in the agricultural sector collect and produce a large amount of data of great diversity on farms using connected objects and tools. This phenomenon, known as Big Data in agriculture, brings its share of advantages and disadvantages. On the upside, collecting, processing and sharing data provides fertile ground for innovation and productivity in the agricultural sector. The exploitation of this data offers the opportunity to develop new tools and other digital solutions for farmers. On the other side, it is a source of concern regarding the loss of data control by farmers. This data can be of different nature: public, private, personal or not, and have different levels of processing: raw, analyzed, transformed, aggregated, etc. Also, they are not subject to a single regulation; various laws and regulations may be applied alternatively or cumulatively, whether it is a question of organizing access to data, reserving it or protecting it. This patchwork of laws does not, however, address all the issues surrounding digital agricultural data, particularly with regard to data use. Thus, when the areas of intervention of the law are exhausted, actors resort to contracts in order to regulate access to and use of the data they hold in their relations with their clients or business partners. Consequently, this research work aims to contribute to the legal framework of agricultural data concerning the organization of the rights and obligations of the different actors of digital agriculture on the data they collect, hold and use. The final objective is to find a balance between the dissemination, sharing, reservation and protection of data.