Résumé
The project presented in the framework of this defense for the Habilitation to Direct Research is the result of a multidisciplinary training, a course and a multidisciplinary activity. Lecturer at the LERASS laboratory which is part of the pole and initially in the specialty of "Civil Engineering" by my training as an Architect, I am more and more interested in life cycle assessment (LCA) and social life cycle assessment (LCA-S) tools with applications in the field of lighting and energy consumption of buildings which fall under the 63rd section of the CNU. The objective of my work is then to address two distinct but related issues with a view to improving decisions and decision support tools within the framework of sustainable development approaches. Generally speaking, the objective is to give permeability between the disciplines of Engineering Sciences and those of Human and Social Sciences. The first issue concerns the interdisciplinarity necessary for the structure and functionality of decision support tools. The second issue relates to performance evaluations through Life Cycle Assessment, which I propose to complete and improve. In order not to remain at the theoretical stage of the concept, throughout the demonstration the hypotheses, methods and results will refer to and be illustrated with examples from the field of lighting. This field has the advantage of presenting precisely delimitable systems with associated multidisciplinary functions that are fairly easily definable. It is therefore in this field of lighting that I will experiment and confront these theories of interdisciplinarity in partnership and with the research group Lumière & Matière of LAPLACE, an eminent specialist in the field. Of course, the interest lies in the transferability of the methods and knowledge induced. The first part presents a curriculum vitae and its internal coherence. The second part explains a synthesis of my research activities. This one presents the scientific animation of a research team and the synthesis of personal research activities. This last point allows the analysis of the works I have supervised or supervise and introduces the framework of the HDR issue. This framework is introduced by multiple examples of mistakes made in different fields when sticking to a specialized and mono-disciplinary approach. The objective is to demonstrate the risks of a single disciplinary compartmentalization in the objectives of improving sustainable development performance and therefore the need to go beyond disciplinary boundaries. The second point puts into perspective the relative but real weaknesses of LCA and how its evolution will allow for the improvement of the specifications of multi-criteria decision support tools. Finally, the third part of the dissertation proposes a systemic methodology that will enable the development of multidisciplinary specifications for improving the design of decision support tools, as well as avenues for improvement in the evaluation of performance in terms of sustainable development.