Abstract
Malaria in the Amazon region finds favorable conditions for the transmission of the disease by the mosquito vector Anopheles darlingi, which breeds in water. This mosquito is known for its great adaptability to environmental conditions. In the Amazon it is deemed to be especially found near rivers of white water (loaded with sediments). The relationship between the presence of the mosquito and water color has been little studied regionally. This study used 11 years of MODIS 250 m resolution and a monthly time base, which enable extracting a reflectance index of water. Secondly, this thesis uses the epidemiological data of the Brazilian system of epidemiological surveillance of malaria. The main objective is to evaluate the correlation between the seasonal dynamics of the reflectance of water and parasite incidence of malaria on different areas of the State of Amazonas in particular to understand the influence of water color on the presence of the vector and therefore the transmission of malaria. The results obtained show that notifications of malaria in the state of Amazonas are indeed correlated with white water, but the black water also have a correlation with the incidence of malaria, a substantially different way, since in the former case, the correlation is related to the flood, while in the case of black water, the presence of Anopheles and the flood are disconnected. These results may be useful in improving our understanding of epidemiological risks in the region and the establishment of more effective compliance program, even if the factor of interest, ie the color of the water is one factor among many others that affect the risk of malaria infection.