Résumé
Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is available today in thousands of applications. Among them we can mention the logistics management applications pallets / cardboard in industrial warehouses (RFID UHF) and the identification of subscribers in urban transport networks (RFID HF). In recent years, scientific contributions around the radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies with a sensor coupling are increasingly visible. The growing interest in this type of development rely heavily on a mass use of inexpensive sensors that can be integrated on each object. It is called connected objects or Internet of Things (IoT). In this thesis, we focus on the study and development of a passive RFID sensor operating in UHF band. This technological orientation is dictated by the targeted application, the food industry, which requires the lowest possible manufacturing costs and a reading distance greater than one meter. For the sensitive element, we use a biopolymer, specifically wheat gluten whose dielectric properties as a function of relative humidity have been studied previously. We are committed to dealing with all the issues related to the communication between a reader and a passive RFID sensor, the ultimate objective of this thesis being to get a sensor information using a conventional RFID reader complying with the standards and the radio directives imposed in different regions of the world. To validate this study, we are implementing RFID sensors to create a smart packaging demonstrator for monitoring the quality of food.