Résumé
The goal of this PhD concerns the synthesis and the electro-chemical characterization of a new generation of membranes obtained from perfluorinated polymers incorporating vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and functionnalized by sulfonic acids termonomers, as electrolyte for Proton Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells (PEMFC). Two processes were investigated to obtain original macromolecular architecture. The first way concerns the preparation of membranes from ionomers obtained by direct radical copolymerization of perfluoro(4-methyl-3,6-dioxaoct-7-ene) sulfonyl fluoride (PFSVE) with VDF, hexafluoropropene (HFP), chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) or 8-bromo-1H,1H,2H-perfluorooct-1-ène (BDFO). The Ionic Exchange Capacity (IEC) and the proton conductivity () were assessed. The second way of PEMFC synthesis deals with the chemical grafting of styrene by atom transfer polymerization (ATRP) starting from poly(VDF-co-BDFO) copolymers