Résumé
Populations of the most important human malaria vectors in Africa offer instances of ongoing adaptations to new ecological niches set by human actions in the context of global change, with the dramatic consequence of emerging and re-emerging sustained malaria transmission in new spaces and times. Hence, patent adaptations to permanent irrigated schemes, urban settlements and wide insecticides use lead to the conspicuous extension of the repartition area of Anopheles species, and set the scene for the emergence or re-emergence of sustained malaria transmission. Physiological mechanisms allowing malaria mosquitoes to colonize new human-made ecological niches are under scrutiny, however, less attention is given to behavioral modifications triggered by -or in response to-relevant environmental cues characterizing the new ecological niches. A simple, field applicable method is presented for improving parasite infectivity by concentrating Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes. Anopheles gambiae received one of the following 5 blood treatments through DMFA: (i) whole blood (WB) samples from naturally-infected donors; (ii) donor blood whose plasma was replaced with the same volume of malaria-naive AB+ serum (1:1 control); (iii) plasma replaced with a volume of malaria-naïve AB+ serum equivalent to half (2:1), or to a quarter (4:1), of the initial plasma volume; and (v) donor blood whose plasma was fully removed (RBC). The experiment was repeated 4 times using 4 distinct wild parasite isolates. Seven days post-infection, a total of 1 095 midguts were examined for oocyst presence. This is an R script to replicate the analyses from the article entitled "A simple and practical method to increase the infectivity of wild isolates of Plasmodium falciparum to mosquito vectors" by Seydou Bienvenu Ouattara, Domonbabele F. D. S. Hien, Ekôbié T. Nao, Anna Cohuet, Isabelle Morlais, Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga, Rock Kounbobr Dabiré, Jean Bosco Ouédraogo, Karine Mouline and Thierry Lefèvre Code developed by Bienvenu Seydou Ouattara and Thierry Lefevre: seydoubienvenu@yahoo.fr; thierry.lefevre@ird.fr