Résumé
The resent infrastructure of the buildings is becoming socio-technical systems that integrate different heterogeneous entities (e.g., sensors, actuators, lighting, HVAC, occupants, renewable energy, storage systems), which could interact dynamically and in a collective manner to balance between energy effi-ciency, occupants’ comfort, sustainability, and adaptability. This new infra-structure is known as the “Micro-grid” (MG) system concept. However, the main challenge for this infrastructure is real-time monitoring and data pro-cessing, which requires the use of new information and communication tech-nologies. More precisely, making these buildings more energy-efficient while ensuring occupants’ comfort require incorporating mechanisms and techniques, which allow entities interacting in order to perform suitable actions (e.g., turn-ing On/Off HVAC and lighting, balancing the fluctuation between power pro-duction and consumption). In this work, a new holistic architecture of smart buildings is presented by improving the main layers of MG systems. This archi-tecture is proposed in order to integrate all buildings’ aspects with the main trade-off is to efficiently manage the building while maintaining a suitable oc-cupants’ comfort. In fact, an MG system is structured into three layers follow-ing the proposed holistic architecture. More precisely, we shed more light on the MG system’s layer that integrates recent IoT/Big-Data technologies for data gathering, processing, and control.