Résumé
Cultivated peanut is an allotetraploid (AABB) deriving from a recent hybridization event between two diploid species with A and B genomes. Cultivated peanut has a limited genetic variation at the DNA level that has greatly hampered the application of molecular breeding approaches for tackling the improvement of complex traits such as terminal drought tolerance. Wild relatives of the cultivated peanut have maintained a rich genetic variation that allowed them to grow and reproduce in a broad range of environments. They are potential sources of beneficial alleles that can be tapped to improve the cultivated species. In our study, we developed an advance backcross QTL (AB-QTL) population from the cross between a Senegalese elite cultivar A. hypogaea "Fleurll" used as recurrent parent and a synthetic tetraploid "ISATGR278-18" that combines the AA genome of A. duranensis, a close wild relative of A. hypogaea believed to be one of the most probable ancestor of the cultivated species, and the KK genome of A. Batizocoï, a more distant wild relative reported to be compatible with the B genome of the cultivated species. A total of 135 AB-QTL lines (BC2 F.) have been produced, genotyped with mapped SSR markers and evaluated in an alpha lattice design for 8 morphological, 11 agronomical and 3 physiological traits ion well-watered and water-limited conditions during the post rainy season 2014 at Bambey station in Senegal. High variability was observed for several morphological traits within the AB-QTL population. A significant contrast for physiological trait was observed between AB-QTL lines under well-watered and water-limited conditions. In this poster we present the results of the QTL analysis for plant morphology and physiological traits such as SCMR (SPAD Chlorophyll Meter Readings), Leaf temperature and fluorescence. The effects of wild alleles for traits related to the plant morphology and water deficit are discussed. (Résumé d'auteur)