Résumé
Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a typical model of precision and personalised medicine which can be adapted to the patient clinical and sensitisation profile. The PRACTIS study conducted among allergy specialists in France aimed at evaluating in current practice the short-term benefits of sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT) after 6 to 12 months in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) ± asthma (AA) ± conjunctivitis (AC) according to the modalities of use. Here, we present the evolution of AR, AA and AC symptoms and rescue medication (RM) use overtime in treated patients.Method: In this prospective, non-interventional, longitudinal, multi- centre study, AIT-eligible patients (age ≥5 years) with medically confirmed allergy to one or more allergens were evaluated at inclusion prior to SLIT initiation (Visit 1) and after 6 to 12 months of treatment (Visit 2). Physicians collected patient data in a CRF including the symptom evolution and use of RM for AR, AA and AC between the start and end of study. Disease evolution was compared in subgroups by age category, SLIT formulation and type of allergens.Results: A total of 1587 evaluable patients (adults 60.4%, adolescents 14.4%, children 25.2%) received SLIT liquid (71.8%) or tablets (28.2%) of allergen extracts, more frequently house dust mites (51.2%), grasses (28.7%), trees/weeds (15.1%), animal danders (2.7%) and moulds (1.0%). At end of study, in the 1047 patients who attended Visit 2, overall symptom improvement was achieved in 80.3% (823/1025) patients with AR, 68.0% (217/319) with AA and 77.5% (437/564) with AC. Consistent results were observed regardless of age category, SLIT formulation and type of allergens except for a significantly more important impact on AA in pollen allergic patients (Table). Based on ARIA classification, AR symptom frequency and severity shifted from persistent (~90% of patients at Visit 1) to intermittent and from moderate-to-severe (~96% of patients at Visit 1) to mild for about 2/3 of patients at Visit 2 (Figure). In addition, a decrease or no RM use was seen in about 7/10 patients with AR and/or AA and 8/10 patients with AC, regardless of their age.Conclusion: In current practice, treatment with SLIT demonstrated short-term benefits in patients with AR/AA/AC in terms of symptom improvement and medication use mostly regardless of their age, the SLIT formulation and the type of causal allergen.