Résumé
An epidemiological survey was carded out in bovines, in French Guyana, with parasitological techniques, namely the WOO test and blood smear examinati- on, and 9 serological ELISA tests for antigen and/or antibody detection for several #Trypanosoma# sp., #Babesia# sp., #Anaplasma marginale# and #Theileria mutans# . The serological techniques fumished by ILRl are still under evaluation. Five breeding areas. were determined on the border cost of- the country. 2953 cattle were sampled between 91 and 92, and 4 herds, for a total of 200 heads were regularly sampled for the observation of seasonal variations. Amongst 509 observations of capillary tubes, 7.6% showed trypanosomes identified as Megabypanum species. Since #T. vivax# was not observed, it was concluded that the survey was conducted during a post- epizootic period. A marginale was observed in 28% of the 442 stained blood smears observed, and B, bigemina in 3 samples. The 2953 serum samples tested indicated that #Trypanosoma# sp. antibodies are present in 22% of the cattle, with 12% positives for antigens of #T. vivax#, 20% for #T. brucei# and 18%6 for #T. congolense#. The last two tests were considered as cross reacting with #T. vivax# since nether #T. evansi# nor #T. congolense# are present in French Guyana. There was no seasonal variations, but dairy cattle had higher prevalences than beef cattle, probably due to different management. Seroprevalence of #A. marginale# antigens was of 61%, in agreement with the epidemiological findings, since anaplasmosis is highly endemic in the country. Similarly, high semprevalences were found with #Babesia# sp. tests: 62% for #B. bovis", 22% antigens and 67% antibodies for #B. bigemina#. Antibody detection for meileda mutans were also performed, but were all negative, confidng the fact that this parasite is not present in the country. Re-evaluation of the antigen-ELISA for #Trypanosoma# sp, appeared necessary. (Résumé d'auteur)