Résumé
The sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a promising biological control method against vectors of human diseases, like mosquitoes. SIT can be used either to reduce the nuisance (mosquito bites), or to reduce the epidemiological risk. Depending on the objective, the releases strategy is not the same. Since SIT is an autocidal method, it takes time to notice any effect. Reducing nuisances requires a significant reduction in the wild mosquito population. This generally requires mass releases and, consequently, the production of large numbers of sterile mosquitoes, and, time. When SIT is used to reduce the epidemiological risk, it is preferable to release sterile males only because sterile females may transmit viruses during blood meal on humans. Even if sexing methods have become increasingly efficient, allowing males to be separated from females, it is important to estimate the maximum number of sterile females per release, without, however, increasing the epidemiological risk. In this presentation, I will present some theoretical results and illustrate some of them with numerical simulations in order to discuss the best strategies depending on whether we want to reduce the nuisance, or the epidemiological risk, with SIT.