Résumé
An integrative model of goal involvement in achievement contexts is proposed based on the nonlinear dynamical systems theory. Achievement goals are theorized as complex and self-organized systems in which goal-related information that fosters competence expectancies as well as perceptions of benefit and threat for the self undergoes either static or dynamic integration. Mathematical equations are used to depict the interactions among these pieces of information and to account for the emergence of approach and avoidance behaviors. These behaviors are conceptualized as two competing fixed-point attractors. The model that is thus offered specifies the conditions under which a given state of goal involvement may display patterns of resistance (stability), oscillation between approach and avoidance (instability), and reversal (nonlinear change). This dynamical systems approach to achievement motivation is envisaged as an alternative to contemporary achievement goal conceptualizations that are based on the mastery-performance distinction and whose recent developments were accompanied with a loss of discriminant validity.