Résumé
The participation of stakeholders in the design of common rules is a condition for their acceptance. The main questions addressed in this communication are as follows. What are the main issues regarding the successful inclusion of stakeholders in negotiations for policies design? What sort of models could be used and how can they be used to facilitate the negotiation processes? This presentation proposes a review of the main issues related to policy design and strengthening of farmer organizations (FOs). Then it proposes a preliminary comparative review of some models and tools used in socioeconomics studies at different scales and their application to facilitate multistakeholder's decisions and negotiation processes. Finally it draws some recommendations and remarks on the use of models to help stakeholders in decision making. We show that (1) the process of model construction is as important as the output of the model from the perspective of FOs empowerment (learning process, reduction of asymmetries, identification of preferences, ect.); (2) the modelling tools are not neutral in a negotiation perspective but a strategic negotiation resource for actors from the perspective of the policy design process-their legitimacy is a key factor. We conclude that models can be helpful to facilitate multistake-holders' negotiations and capacity-building processes for both researchers and actors (policy makers, organizations) in a cross-learning process.