Résumé
Karydomys is a rare Democricetodontine genus, distributed throughout Asia and Europe during the Miocene. There are only seven species recognized: the central Asian species (K. debruijni and K. dzerzhinskii), the Greek species (K. boskosi, K. symeonidisi and K. strati) and the central-western European species (K. wigharti and K. zapfei). Previously it has been carried out a phylogenetic analysis of the above-mentioned species together with other closely related taxa (Cricetodon and Democricetodon) to test the monophily of Karydomys using a matrix of 32 morphological dental characters. In this work, we have added 19 new characters and extended the ingroup to some taxa belonging to Democricetodon. Eucricetodon wangae has been kept as outgroup. The data matrix has been built with Mesquite 3.04. Maximum Parsimony Analyses have been run in TNT, and Bayesian Inference Analysis have been performed using Mr.Bayes v.3.2.6. Maximum Parsi- mony and Bayesian Inference analyses show quite similar results. Both evidence that Karydomys forms a clade within Democricetodon, which constitutes an array of successive sister-species to Karydomys. These results agree with the previous phylogenetic analysis, in which the validity of the genus is questioned. It is possible that the taxa considered up to date as belonging to the genus Karydomys are in fact derived representatives of the genus Democricetodon. This is a first step to understand the evolution of the subfamily Democricetodontinae, an important and diverse group along the Miocene of the Holarctic region.