Résumé
Some countries with rich textile industries are nowadays facing water quality issues as a consequence of impacting dye pollution. In addition to their inherent toxicity, dyes induce modification in water acidity or salinity which has harmful consequences on the photosynthesis of aquatic plants. As dye are hardly biodegradable, water treatment is necessary to get ride of them [1], and adsorption treatment appears as a good candidate with efficient low-cost adsorbents, such as clays [2]. As a matter of fact, lamellar materials are widely used for sorbtion of ions and molecules harmful for health and environment. In order to gain in efficiency in the use of such materials, it is essential to get a deeper understanding of the retention mechanisms at the interface solid/liquid. In this work, anionic clays, namely layered double hydroxides (LDH) have been chosen as model compounds in order to study sorption mechanism. The presence of charged layer induce strong anionic exchange capacity in these materials, moreover their composition and structual parameters are easily controled through mastered synthesis process [3]. This study work has been focused on the the mechanisms that can lead to the capture of polluting molecules. Several model dyes have been chosen (MethylOrange - MO, Carmen Indigo - CI et Orange G - OG) for their charge, symmetry and hydrophobicity. Parameters such as the solution concentration and the activity of the solvant, playing with the nature of ions, have also been explored.The work presented here rely on vibrational spectroscopies (Infrared and Raman spectroscopies) sensitive to the intermolecular interaction of the dye with its environment particularly at the interface solid/dye. In parallel, X-Ray Diffraction probes the structural modification in the clay during sorption.The experimental results interpreted though the help of simulations (Monte-Carlo, DFT), lead a fine description of ions sorption at the interfaces with these models lamellar materials.