Résumé
Organic acids, sugars and carotenoids are implied in the fruit quality. A cybrid has been obtained by symmetric protoplast fusion between Willow leaf mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) and Eureka lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Buno.). The cybrid possessed nuclear genome and chloroplasts of Eureka lemon plus mitochondria from Willow leaf mandarin. Impact of new mitochondria on the internal fruit quality has been studied. Organic acids, sugars and carotenoids were quantified by HPLC on fruit pulp of Willow leaf mandarin, Eureka lemon and the cybrid. Compounds identified in cybrid fruit pulp were compared to those from fruits of his two diploid parents. The cybrid was found to be very close to lemon parent in biosynthesis of components involved in citrus fruit quality (Organic acids, sugars and carotenoids) although the presence of Willow leaf mandarin mitochondria in the cybrid cells. The results obtained confirm that the main genetic information for sugars, organic acids and carotenoids biosynthesis are contained in the nucleus. No significant difference is observed in sugars and carotenoid pulp fruit between the cybrid and the lemon but the organic acids level are slightly modified in quantity in the cybrid probably because of a nucleo-mitochondria interaction. Cybridisation should be used in citrus as a strategy to breed specific traits associated with mitochondrial genomes such as male sterility without affecting the main organoleptic and nutritional qualities. (Texte intégral)