Résumé
Callus induction, somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration were obtained in ten different Citrus genotypes [Citrus aurantium L. (cv 'Tuzcu 891 '), Citrus aurantium L. (cv 'Tuzcu 31-31'), Citrus aurantium L. (cv 'Gou Tou'), Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb. (cv 'Alanya Dilimli'), Citrus reshni Hort. ex.Tan. (cv 'Cyprus Cleopatra mandarine'), Poncirus trifoliata (L) Raf (cv 'Pomeroy'), Citrus sinensis (L) Osb. x Poncirus trifoliata (L) Raf. (cv 'Tuzcu M2 Citrange'), Citrus sinensis (L) Osb. x Poncirus trifoliata (L) Raf. (cv 'Carrizo Citrange'), Citrus paradisi Macf. x Poncirus trifoliata (L) Raf. (cv 'Swingle Citrumelo'), Citrus volkameriana Tan.& Pasg. (cv 'CRC 01 Volkameriana') from style and ovule explants. Explants were cultured on different culture media. The nutrients of Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) and Murashige and Tucker (MT) vitamins supplemented with 500 mg/l Malt Extract (ME), with 1 mg/l 2, 4-D and three different concentration of BA (0, 0.5, 1 mg/l) were used for first year experiments. MS basal medium was used alone with ME and three different concentration of BA (1, 2, 3 mg/l) for style explants for the second year experiment. MS nutrients and MT vitamins with ME were used alone and 2, 4-D (1 mg/l) and BA (0, 0.5, 1 mg/l) used for ovule culture experiment for the second year experiments. Sucrose was used as a carbon source (50 g/l) for all experirnents. The different genotypes showed different embryogenic frequency from style and ovule experiments. Percentages of style explants producing somatic embryos ranged from 0% (AREC Swingle Citrumelo, M2 Citrange, Volkameriana, Pomeroy trifoliate) to 100% (Gou Tou Sour Orange). Percentages of ovule explants producing somatic embryos ranged from 0% (Carrizo Citrange, Alanya Dilimli Sweet Orange, AREC Swingle Citrumelo) to 100% (Tuzcu 891 and Cleopatra Mandarine). About 4 weeks later somatic embryos developed into plantlets. Genetic stability of callus lines was determined by SSR markers. (Texte intégral)