Résumé
In the frame of a study, which has been undertaken by the Water Agency Loire-Bretagne, our laboratory was interpellated to evaluate the effects of herbicides on natural communities of microalgae. Existing pesticide contamination on different sites of the river Ozanne (Eure and Loir) was monitored and the sensitivity to the two main pollutants, atrazine and isoproturon, of microalgae communities, collected in these sites, was evaluated. In parallel to these tests, we assessed the structure of these populations, in the aim to validate the principles of the PICT-method. The PICT-trends enlightened on both periphyton and phytoplankton, confirmed the analysis of phytosanitary products: the less polluted the site, the more sensitive the communities with regards to atrazine and isoproturon, even though the two sites, which were submitted to highly variable but important concentrations of atrazine and isoproturon are characterized by higher tolerances; and this during 5 campaigns of sampling. These different results show the "integrative" aspect of algae communities, which keep the acquired tolerance, despite important environmental variations of the herbicide concentrations. This study illustrates that the PICT concept could be successfully applied in field in the case of diffused pollution in rivers.