Résumé
Affording biological properties to a material is one of the challenges the chemists have to tackle, to improve the efficiency of existing devices and also to propose new biomaterials. Most of synthetic approaches to obtain functional materials rely on non-covalent coatings or post-grafting realized by multistep ligation chemistry. As an alternative, we developed several bottom-up strategies relying on the polymerization of bioorganic molecules to get bioactive materials.Among them, we extensively studied inorganic sol-gel polymerization as a soft and chemoselective reaction to functionalize surfaces or, more interestingly, to synthesize unprecedented bioorganic -inorganic hybrid materials.For this purpose, we developed biocompatible sol-gel catalyst and a wide range of hybrid building blocks consisting in silylated peptides, dyes, drugs and biopolymers, that can be combined and engaged in sol-gel hydrolysis and condensation. Interestingly, we also developed the sol-gel process to proceed in a biorthogonal and biocompatible way. This allowed us to prepare biomimetic hydrogels for cell encapsulation and bioinks for 3D bioprinting.During the last 10 years, several challenges were tackled including the preparation of bioactive titanium or silicon medical devices and dressings, multiligands fluorescent nanoparticles for cancer targeting, hyaluronic and collagen-based hydrogels and foams for tissue engineering; protein-imprinted magnetic nanoparticles, sensors able to detect specific MMP enzymatic activity.