Résumé
Gene expression regulation is central to all living systems both at the level of transcription and translation. After the transcription of an mRNA strand from the DNA, many macromolecular machines called ribosomes concurrently "read" and translate each transcript. Understanding the impact of ribosomal traffic and its regulation is key to unravel the determinants of translation efficiency and protein synthesis.We have developed a collective stochastic model to simulate the ribosome flux dynamics across the entire yeast translatome, and we have shown how our model can make accurate predictions of the correspondence between steady-state mRNA and protein levels for each gene. Moreover, the analysis predicted physiological parameters of the translation process that can be related to physical properties of the system (as the three-dimensional conformation of the mRNA) or the balance between supply and demand of resources (as ribosome abundances).