Résumé
Pellets from agricultural residues often represent a better alternative to domestic fossil fuels (charcoal, firewood, biomass), due to their accessibility but also their better density and higher calorific value. In this work, we present the results of the valorization of pellets made from the residues of the peanut shell, corn cob, palm nut shell, and typha. Performance tests and the measurement of the reaction gas were carried out on a new gasification stove prototype (pyro-gazo-UGB) that we designed. The tests at the level of the pyro-gazo-UGB have made it possible to highlight the importance of controlling the airflow and the importance of forcing the air into the bed of pellets in order to allow the progression of the flame in the gasifier stove. With the combustion of the pellets, we measured pyro-gasification reaction temperatures between 650 and 800 °C. The mass loss profile was monitored as well. The water boiling tests (WBT) then made it possible to evaluate the thermal performance of the pyro-gazo-UGB, with thermal efficiencies in the high-power phase around 15% and efficiencies of more than 40% in the low-power phase. The WBT also revealed a high thermal power, with flame powers of up to 20 kW. The measurements of the reaction gases revealed almost zero concentration of CO2 produced and O2 levels of around 21%, for a proportion of at least 78% (concentration of CO + H2) for the synthetic gas produced.