Résumé
In recent decades, the development of archaeobotany in the Mediterranean islands, such as the Balear-ic Islands, has made it possible to document the main plant resources exploited, the agricultural prac-tices implemented, as well as major phenomena of circulation and integration of new plant resources within ancient societies. Concerning the island of Ibiza, archaeobotanical studies have recently re-ceived a new impulse, allowing for a better characterization of medieval agriculture, while the agricul-ture of the ancient periods remained little explored. The main goal of this paper is to present the results of new archaeobotanical studies carried out in two archaeological sites located in Ibiza (Spain): S’Olivera and Place du Parc. The results are based on studies of seeds and archaeological charcoal, issued from waterlogged contexts dated from the 4th to the 2th c. B.C. The studied samples highlight agricultural productions based on a diversity common to the western Mediterranean at that time, including cereals (naked wheat, hulled barley) and fruit trees (grapevine, olive, fig, mulberry, various Prunus), as well as the exploitation of a mosaic of plant land-scapes for fuel. The diachronic character of the corpus makes it possible to highlight certain plant dy-namics of this part of the island.