Abstract
Traditionally, contemporary individuals are sampled to determine demographic patterns or regions under selection. However, genetic data can be affected by various confounding factors, including both selection and demography. To mitigate these effects, time series data can be used. These data, which can be obtained from monitoring natural populations, experimental populations or ancient DNA, have several applications. They are valuable for population management, for understanding the genetic basis of traits of interest, and for characterising evolutionary history.