Résumé
Since 2001, In India, HIV PMTCT activities have been started in some hospital in India. Until recently, PMTCT programme faced various difficulties, which resulted in high rates of lost patients. Because of fear of stigma and discrimination or due to social and economical constraints some women were not able to follow the rules required by PMTCT protocol. Some of them escaped from the protocol and delivered in maternity wards where no PMTCT programmes were taking place. In such context it is also relevant to explore from the point of view of caregivers, the constraints faced by them and faced by pregnant women in daily hospital activities of counselling and HIV test, prenatal consultation and delivery. Thus, this chapter wish to enlighten the social logics behind the acceptability and the feasibility of HIV prevention activities at hospital level. It describes also the intimate feelings of hospital caregivers in being involved in the fight against AIDS in India by professional obligation or by personal choice.