Résumé
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis, is characterized by degradation and loss of articular cartilage, hypertrophic bone changes with osteophyte formation, subchondral bone remodeling, and inflammation of the synovial membrane. This disease can be triggered by external factors (e.g. trauma) and endogenous predisposing factors (e.g. age, genetics, high body mass index). It results in pain, and disability necessitating joint replacement at end-stage disease. Important advances have been made in understanding its pathological processes and promising disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) are being developed that will slow the progression of the disease and improve current symptomatic treatment.