Résumé
The report examines the interactions between the various goals and targets, determining to what extent they reinforce or conflict with each other. It provides a blueprint to help countries implement and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). SDG 2 integrates and links food security, nutrition and a sustainable and climate-resilient agriculture. A focus on the role of small producers in the agriculture sectors is an important element. This multi-dimensional goal encompasses several specific targets, and these can be subdivided into three interrelated components: ending hunger and improving nutrition (social dimension: 2.1, 2.2), achieving food security through productivity improvement and income increase (economic dimension: 2.3, 2.a, and to a certain extent 2.b and 2.c), and promoting sustainable agriculture (environment dimension: 2.4, 2.5). This brief description of sdg 2 – the 'entry level goal' for this assessment – is followed by an overview of interactions at goal level between sdg 2 and the other 16 sdgs. Taking into account all the underlying targets of this entry goal, a set of key interactions is then identified between the sdg 2 targets and those of other sdgs, focusing on interactions with high magnitude or strong impacts based on available scientific literature and expert knowledge. The typology and seven-point scale for characterising the range of positive and negative interactions described in the opening chapter to this report is used to assess the selected target-level interactions and the context in which they typically occur. Illustrative examples from different world regions show how these linkages manifest in practice. Policy options that can enhance positive and reduce negative interactions between now and 2030, and beyond are also described. The chapter concludes with a list of key knowledge gaps related to the interactions studied.