Abstract
The gilthead seabream and the soles, Senegalese sole and common sole, are important species in Mediterranean aquaculture. In this chapter, a review of the current genomic resources available for these species is carried out. First, transcriptome information, their main characteristics, and the high-throughput gene expression tools developed in these three species are described. Second, the current genetic maps and their applications for the identification of QTLs for traits of interest in aquaculture are also reported. Moreover, the main features of Senegalese sole genome draft are analyzed and its structure is compared with other Acanthopterygii confirming a high degree of synteny that allows for comparative genomic studies. To show the relevance of these genomic resources to enhance the aquaculture procedures, the SoleaDB database that hosts the genomic information for soles is described. Moreover, main results obtained using transcriptomic tools to decipher the regulatory pathways that control larval development, nutrition and metabolism, as well as the health and welfare status are reviewed. Future directions of genomic research and the impact of novel species-specific applications and resources are highlighted.