Résumé
In 2012, when mathematics was again the major subject assessed, PISA included optional computer-based mathematics units for the very first time. This chapter will provide an overview of some of the key features of the computer-based units of PISA 2012 by addressing the following questions. What choices underpinned the design of the PISA units to be presented—and responded to—on a computer? What technological tools were available? Finally, what potential does a computer-based environment offer when it comes to assessing mathematical literacy and what are its limitations? These questions will be tackled taking into account the mathematical content knowledge, competencies and processes assessed as defined in the PISA 2012 Mathematics Framework.