Résumé
The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of biophysical models of marine fish populations, with a particular focus on those applied, or potentially applicable, for examining the consequences of climate change on small pelagic fish species. We focus on models that include physics and are therefore spatially explicit, and review models under the categories of those that include lower trophic level dynamics (NPZ(1)), early life stages of fish (eggs and larvae), and juvenile and adult stages. We first give an overview of the methods that are used to represent transport, growth, mortality, and behavior in biophysical models of early life stages. Second, we detail several case studies of such models, focusing on those applied to anchovy and.. sardine in SPACC regions and those involving small pelagic fish in "non-SPACC" regions. Some questions related to climate change require models that include juveniles and adults. Models that include juveniles and adults differ from the early life stage models in the important role played by behavior in fish movement. We briefly discuss several approaches used for modeling behavioral movement of fish, and then summarize several case studies of biophysical models that include adults that are relevant, or potentially relevant, to small pelagic species. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the potential use of biophysical models of early life stages and adults for investigating some of the issues associated with forecasting the effects of climate change on small pelagic fish species.