Résumé
The earth’s climate is regulated by the radiative balance between the solar energy received by the earth-atmosphere system and the thermal radiation sent back to space. While most of the former is absorbed by the earth’s surface, most of the latter originates from the atmosphere. As a result, thermal exchanges across the ocean-atmosphere interface directly influence the atmospheric density as well as the surface ocean density, thus forcing oceanic and atmospheric circulations. The continuous exchange of gases and energy across the ocean-atmosphere interface strongly influences the physical and biological processes in the upper ocean. Penetration of heat and light in the surface seawater intensifies not only biological activity, but also ocean stratification and circulation which in turn influences the penetration of greenhouse gases into the ocean, thus modulating the global warming of our planet. CO2 gas is the major natural and anthropogenic greenhouse gas and therefore has played both a primordial role and a contemporary role in the intensity of the global warming.