Résumé
Diet, through its interactions with the gut microbiota and the immune system, can influence the risk of inflammatory arthritis and modulate its symptoms. Patients have a strong interest in diet because it represents a way for them to act by themselves, without medication, and most often without talking to health care professionals. Different diets have been evaluated in order to act on inflammatory arthritis, especially rheumatoid arthritis. To date, the most convincing scientific data show that the Mediterranean diet and, more generally, a healthy, balanced diet can be beneficial on joint outcomes and on comorbidities. There is no evidence that exclusionary diets are effective, but more research is needed in this area. In any case, no diet has the level of effectiveness of medication, and diets should not be used as a substitute for medication. Rheumatologists must provide the best possible information on diet to their patients, who are at risk of exposure to fake news that could lead them to inappropriate dietary practices.