Résumé
Carboxylic acids are key intermediates in organic synthesis and their preparation from acid derivatives is a valuable approach. This transformation has been previously reviewed in Section 20.2.1.2 and updated in 2011 in Section 20.2.1.2.10. The current update thus covers the literature since 2011 and describes either additional methods for known transformations or the use of new precursors for the preparation of carboxylic acids that were not covered in the original chapter or the first update.